Are you looking for a peaceful escape into nature, away from the hustle and bustle of city life? A place where you can witness thousands of birds in their natural habitat and enjoy scenic drives? If so, the Merkle Wildlife Sanctuary in Maryland is your perfect destination.
This comprehensive guide will walk you through everything you need to know to plan an unforgettable visit, from the best times to go and what to see, to the rules you need to follow to make your trip a success. Let’s dive into what makes this sanctuary a must-visit for nature lovers and families alike.
What is Merkle Wildlife Sanctuary?
The Merkle Wildlife Sanctuary is the only wildlife sanctuary operated by the Maryland Department of Natural Resources. Located in Upper Marlboro, Prince George’s County, it spans over 1,900 acres along the Patuxent River. It is famous for being the largest wintering ground for Canada geese on the Western Shore of Chesapeake Bay. Each year, thousands of these magnificent birds migrate to the sanctuary, creating a spectacular sight for visitors.
But it’s not just about the geese. The sanctuary is a diverse ecosystem that is home to a wide variety of wildlife, including deer, foxes, ospreys, bald eagles, and numerous other bird species. The primary mission of the Merkle Wildlife Sanctuary is to manage and protect this habitat, providing a safe haven for wildlife while offering educational and recreational opportunities for the public. It’s a place where conservation and public enjoyment go hand in hand.
A Brief History
The history of the Merkle Wildlife Sanctuary is as interesting as its wildlife. The land was originally owned by Edgar A. Merkle, a successful businessman and avid conservationist. In the 1930s, Merkle began acquiring land along the Patuxent River. He transformed the area into a refuge for Canada geese, creating ponds and planting crops to attract them. His passion for wildlife preservation led him to donate his land to the state of Maryland in the early 1970s, ensuring that his conservation efforts would continue for generations to come. Today, the sanctuary stands as a testament to his vision and dedication.
Planning Your Visit to Merkle Wildlife Sanctuary
A little planning can go a long way in making your trip to the Merkle Wildlife Sanctuary a memorable one. Here’s what you need to consider before you head out.
Best Time to Visit
The absolute best time to visit is during the migration season for Canada geese, which typically runs from November through February. During these months, the sanctuary is teeming with thousands of geese, and the sight and sound are truly something to behold. This is the prime season for birdwatching and photography.
However, the sanctuary offers unique experiences year-round.
- Spring (March – May): A wonderful time to see ospreys returning to their nests. You can also spot other migratory birds and wildflowers beginning to bloom. The weather is pleasant for hiking and exploring the trails.
- Summer (June – August): The summer months bring lush green landscapes. While the geese are gone, you can see resident wildlife like deer, turtles, and a variety of songbirds. It’s a great time for a family outing.
- Autumn (September – October): As the colours change, the sanctuary becomes a beautiful place for a scenic drive or walk. You might catch the early arrival of some migratory birds as they prepare for winter.
How to Get There
The Merkle Wildlife Sanctuary is conveniently located at 11704 Fenno Road, Upper Marlboro, MD 20772. It is easily accessible by car from Washington D.C., Baltimore, and Annapolis.
- From Washington D.C.: Take Pennsylvania Avenue SE, which becomes MD-4 S/Pennsylvania Avenue. Follow MD-4 S to Upper Marlboro. Take the exit for US-301 S and then follow signs for the sanctuary.
- From Baltimore: Take I-97 S to US-301 S. Continue on US-301 S and look for the signs directing you to Fenno Road and the sanctuary entrance.
- From Annapolis: Take US-50 W/US-301 S. Keep left to continue on US-301 S and follow the directions as above.
There is ample parking available near the visitor centre.
Opening Hours and Entry Fees
The grounds of the Merkle Wildlife Sanctuary are open year-round from sunrise to sunset for hiking and wildlife observation.
The Critical Area Driving Tour, a popular feature, has specific hours. It is generally open from 10:00 AM to 3:00 PM on Sundays. It is highly recommended to check the official Maryland DNR website for the most current schedule, as hours can change based on the season and weather conditions.
Entry to the Merkle Wildlife Sanctuary is generally free. However, there might be fees for specific programmes or events, so it’s always a good idea to check in advance.
What to See and Do at Merkle Wildlife Sanctuary
The sanctuary offers a range of activities that cater to all types of nature enthusiasts. Whether you want an active day of hiking or a relaxing drive, there’s something for everyone.
The Critical Area Driving Tour
This is perhaps the most popular attraction at the Merkle Wildlife Sanctuary. The four-mile-long paved route takes you through diverse habitats, including forests, fields, and wetlands. It’s an excellent way to see wildlife without leaving the comfort of your car. You will pass by several ponds where Canada geese and other waterfowl congregate in large numbers during the winter. Keep your eyes peeled for white-tailed deer grazing in the fields and bald eagles perched in the tall trees along the river. The drive offers numerous spots to pull over and take photos.
Hiking and Walking Trails
For those who prefer to explore on foot, the Merkle Wildlife Sanctuary has over five miles of marked trails. The trails vary in length and difficulty, making them suitable for all fitness levels.
- Paw-Paw Trail (0.5 miles): A short, easy loop that takes you through a forest rich with pawpaw trees.
- Lookout Creek Trail (1.2 miles): This trail offers beautiful views of Lookout Creek and the surrounding marshes. It’s a great spot for birdwatching.
- Mounds Trail (0.6 miles): An interesting trail that leads to Native American shell mounds, offering a glimpse into the area’s rich history.
Walking the trails allows for a more intimate experience with nature. You can listen to the sounds of the forest, spot smaller creatures, and truly immerse yourself in the tranquil environment.
Birdwatching Paradise
As a designated Important Bird Area, the Merkle Wildlife Sanctuary is a dream for birdwatchers. The main draw is, of course, the thousands of Canada geese. However, the bird list doesn’t stop there. You can spot a wide array of species depending on the season:
- Waterfowl: Tundra swans, mallards, black ducks, and various other duck species.
- Birds of Prey: Bald eagles, ospreys, red-tailed hawks, and great horned owls.
- Wading Birds: Great blue herons and egrets.
- Songbirds: A variety of warblers, sparrows, and finches.
Bring your binoculars and a field guide to make the most of your birdwatching adventure. The observation decks and blinds along the trails provide excellent vantage points.
The Visitor Centre
The Visitor Centre at the Merkle Wildlife Sanctuary is a great starting point for your visit. Inside, you will find informative exhibits about the local wildlife, the history of the sanctuary, and the importance of the Chesapeake Bay ecosystem. The friendly staff and volunteers are always on hand to answer your questions, provide maps, and give you tips on the latest wildlife sightings. It’s a valuable resource for enriching your understanding of the natural world you are about to explore.
Fishing and Boating
The sanctuary provides access to the Patuxent River, offering opportunities for fishing and boating. A car-top boat launch is available for canoes and kayaks. Paddling along the river gives you a unique perspective of the sanctuary and its wildlife. Fishing is permitted in designated areas, but make sure you have a valid Maryland fishing licence.
Tips for a Great Visit
To ensure you have a safe and enjoyable experience at the Merkle Wildlife Sanctuary, here are a few tips:
- Dress Appropriately: Wear comfortable walking shoes, especially if you plan to hike. Dress in layers, as the weather can change, particularly near the river.
- Bring Binoculars and a Camera: You will want to get a closer look at the wildlife, and the photo opportunities are endless.
- Pack Water and Snacks: There are no food concessions within the sanctuary, so it’s wise to bring your own refreshments.
- Respect the Wildlife: Remember that you are a guest in their home. Maintain a safe distance, do not feed the animals, and keep noise to a minimum.
- Leave No Trace: Carry out everything you carry in. Help keep the Merkle Wildlife Sanctuary clean and pristine for everyone to enjoy.
- Check for Ticks: After hiking, it’s always a good practice to check yourself, your children, and your pets for ticks.
- Stay on Marked Trails: To protect the delicate habitat and for your own safety, please stay on the designated trails and roads.
The Conservation Mission of Merkle Wildlife Sanctuary
The Merkle Wildlife Sanctuary is more than just a place for recreation; it’s a hub for conservation and education. The Maryland DNR actively manages the land to enhance its value for wildlife. This includes planting specific crops that provide food for geese and other animals, managing water levels in the ponds, and controlling invasive species.
The sanctuary also plays a crucial role in public education. Through its visitor centre exhibits, guided walks, and special programmes, it aims to foster a greater appreciation for the natural world and the importance of conservation. A visit here is not just a fun day out; it’s an opportunity to learn about the delicate balance of ecosystems and what we can do to protect them. The work done at the Merkle Wildlife Sanctuary helps ensure that future generations can also witness the wonder of its wildlife.
Conclusion
The Merkle Wildlife Sanctuary is a true gem on the Western Shore of Maryland. It offers a perfect blend of natural beauty, abundant wildlife, and recreational opportunities. Whether you are an avid birdwatcher eager to see thousands of Canada geese, a family looking for a scenic drive, or a hiker wanting to explore peaceful trails, this sanctuary has something special for you. From its rich history to its vital conservation mission, the Merkle Wildlife Sanctuary provides a meaningful and enriching experience for all who visit.
Are you ready to discover the natural wonders of this incredible place? Plan your trip to the Merkle Wildlife Sanctuary today. Grab your camera, pack a picnic, and prepare for a day of exploration and connection with nature. You are sure to leave with lasting memories and a newfound appreciation for Maryland’s wild treasures.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
1. Is Merkle Wildlife Sanctuary suitable for children?
Absolutely! The sanctuary is very family-friendly. The Critical Area Driving Tour is perfect for families with young children, as you can see a lot of wildlife from the car. The shorter trails, like the Paw-Paw Trail, are easy for little legs to handle. The Visitor Centre also has engaging exhibits that can teach children about local animals and conservation.
2. Are pets allowed in the sanctuary?
Yes, pets are allowed, but they must be on a leash at all times. This is for the safety of your pet, other visitors, and the resident wildlife. Please be a responsible pet owner and clean up after your pet to help keep the sanctuary beautiful.
3. What facilities are available at the Merkle Wildlife Sanctuary?
The sanctuary has a Visitor Centre with restrooms and informational exhibits. There are parking areas available. Picnic Restaurant Tables are located in designated spots for a pleasant outdoor meal. However, there are no food or drink vendors, so you should bring your own supplies.
4. Do I need any special permits to visit?
No special permits are required for general entry, hiking, or taking the scenic drive. However, if you plan to go fishing, you must have a valid Maryland fishing licence. For specific activities like hunting (which is permitted in certain areas during designated seasons), special permits and regulations apply. Always check the official DNR website for details on hunting seasons and rules.
5. Can I volunteer at the Merkle Wildlife Sanctuary?
Yes, the sanctuary often relies on the help of dedicated volunteers. Opportunities can range from helping at the Visitor Centre to assisting with trail maintenance or participating in wildlife surveys. If you are interested in volunteering, you should contact the sanctuary’s office or check the Maryland Department of Natural Resources website for available positions and application information.
6. What is the best way to photograph the wildlife?
For the best wildlife photos, a camera with a telephoto or zoom lens is highly recommended. This allows you to capture close-up shots without disturbing the animals. The best light is typically during the early morning or late afternoon. Be patient and quiet. Using your car as a “blind” during the driving tour can be very effective, as animals are often less scared of vehicles than of people on foot.
7. Is there a fee to enter the sanctuary?
No, there is no entrance fee for visiting the Merkle Wildlife Sanctuary. Access to the grounds, trails, and Visitor Centre is free to the public, making it an affordable and accessible outing for everyone. Donations are often appreciated to help support the sanctuary’s conservation efforts.