India is home to some of the richest biodiversity hotspots in the world, and the Jiri Makru Wildlife Sanctuary is one of its hidden treasures. Nestled in the scenic hills of Manipur, this sanctuary remains one of the most serene and biologically diverse ecosystems in the northeastern region of India. The Jiri Makru Wildlife Sanctuary is a haven for nature lovers, wildlife enthusiasts, bird watchers, and eco-travelers who wish to experience unspoiled natural beauty.
The sanctuary is renowned for its lush evergreen forests, rare flora, and diverse fauna. It also plays an important ecological role, acting as a vital corridor between the Indian and Myanmar wildlife reserves. Beyond its ecological importance, the sanctuary represents the deep connection between nature and the local communities that have lived in harmony with it for generations.
In this comprehensive guide, we will explore every detail about the Jiri Makru Wildlife Sanctuary — from its history and geography to its fascinating flora and fauna, travel information, nearby attractions, and conservation efforts.
History and Establishment of Jiri Makru Wildlife Sanctuary
The Jiri Makru Wildlife Sanctuary was established with the primary goal of protecting the region’s rich biodiversity and preserving its delicate ecological balance. The sanctuary derives its name from the two rivers — the Jiri and the Makru — that flow through the area, nourishing the land and sustaining its flora and fauna.
The idea of declaring the area as a wildlife sanctuary emerged in the late 20th century, when conservationists and local authorities realized the urgent need to safeguard the rapidly depleting forest cover in the Jiribam region of Manipur. Over time, the area faced increasing threats from deforestation, shifting cultivation, and human encroachment. The establishment of the Jiri Makru Wildlife Sanctuary became a turning point in protecting this vital green zone.
The sanctuary today stands as a symbol of Manipur’s commitment to environmental conservation and sustainable development. It covers an area of approximately 200 square kilometers, encompassing a variety of landscapes — from dense tropical forests and rolling hills to tranquil river valleys.
Also Read: Top 8 Wildlife Sanctuary in Jharkhand You Must Visit
Geography and Climate
The Jiri Makru Wildlife Sanctuary is located in the southwestern part of Manipur, near the border of Assam. Its geographical coordinates place it in one of the most ecologically rich zones of Northeast India, forming a transition between the Indo-Burma and the Himalayan biodiversity regions.
The sanctuary’s terrain is characterized by undulating hills, deep valleys, and dense forests interlaced with the Jiri and Makru rivers. These rivers not only provide water to the ecosystem but also serve as a lifeline for local communities. The presence of small streams and wetlands further enhances the area’s ecological value.
The climate of Jiri Makru Wildlife Sanctuary is typically tropical. Summers are warm and humid, while winters remain cool and pleasant. The region experiences heavy rainfall from June to September during the monsoon season, which helps maintain the lush greenery throughout the year. The average annual rainfall exceeds 2000 mm, ensuring a thriving environment for both plants and animals.
Due to its varied topography and climatic conditions, the sanctuary supports an incredible range of biodiversity that includes both tropical and sub-tropical species.
Flora of Jiri Makru Wildlife Sanctuary
The vegetation of the Jiri Makru Wildlife Sanctuary is one of its most striking features. It forms a dense green carpet that covers the hills and valleys, creating a perfect habitat for wildlife. The sanctuary’s flora primarily consists of tropical evergreen and semi-evergreen forests, with a mix of bamboo groves and grasslands.
Among the common tree species found here are teak, sal, mahogany, simul, and hollong. Various medicinal plants, herbs, and shrubs thrive under the canopy, many of which are used by local communities for traditional healing practices. The sanctuary also has an impressive variety of orchids, some of which are rare and endemic to the region.
Bamboo plays a crucial role in the sanctuary’s ecology. Several bamboo species, such as Dendrocalamus hamiltonii and Bambusa tulda, grow abundantly, providing food and shelter to numerous animal species.
The dense forest cover helps regulate the microclimate, maintain soil fertility, and act as a carbon sink — making the Jiri Makru Wildlife Sanctuary not only a biodiversity hotspot but also a critical environmental asset for the region.
Also Read: Top 10 Wildlife Sanctuary in Tripura You Must Explore
Fauna of Jiri Makru Wildlife Sanctuary
The Jiri Makru Wildlife Sanctuary is home to an incredible diversity of fauna, representing the unique wildlife heritage of Northeast India. The sanctuary shelters several endangered and rare species, making it an important conservation site for both national and international environmental organizations.
Among the mammals, species such as hoolock gibbons, slow lorises, stump-tailed macaques, and capped langurs can be spotted in the forest canopy. The sanctuary also supports populations of barking deer, wild boars, civets, and leopards. The elusive clouded leopard, one of the most magnificent cats of Asia, is also believed to inhabit this region.
The sanctuary is also a paradise for bird watchers. It is home to a vast range of avifauna, including hornbills, barbets, drongos, eagles, and several species of woodpeckers. During the migratory season, many birds from faraway regions visit the Jiri Makru Wildlife Sanctuary, enhancing its avian diversity.
Reptiles such as king cobras, monitor lizards, and pythons are also part of the sanctuary’s fauna, along with numerous amphibians and insects. The rivers and wetlands support aquatic life, including freshwater fish and amphibians that are vital to the ecosystem.
The ecological balance between flora and fauna makes Jiri Makru Wildlife Sanctuary a living example of how nature thrives when protected and respected.
Conservation Efforts
Over the years, several conservation efforts have been initiated to safeguard the biodiversity of the Jiri Makru Wildlife Sanctuary. The Manipur Forest Department, along with various environmental organizations and local communities, plays an active role in these initiatives.
One of the key conservation measures includes strict protection against illegal logging, hunting, and encroachment. Awareness programs are conducted regularly to educate nearby villagers about the importance of preserving wildlife and maintaining the ecological balance.
The sanctuary is also part of broader biodiversity conservation programs that focus on maintaining habitat corridors between Manipur and neighboring states. Scientific studies and surveys are frequently carried out to monitor the population of key species and assess the health of the ecosystem.
Eco-development programs have been introduced to involve local communities in conservation activities, ensuring that they benefit economically while protecting the environment. These initiatives help reduce human-wildlife conflicts and promote sustainable tourism.
Also Read: Top 6 Wildlife Sanctuary in Meghalaya You Must Explore
Tourism and Visitor Information
Tourism in the Jiri Makru Wildlife Sanctuary is slowly gaining popularity among eco-tourists and adventure seekers. The sanctuary offers visitors a chance to experience the untouched natural beauty of Manipur and observe its rich wildlife in their natural habitat.
Visitors can enjoy guided nature walks, bird watching, riverbank picnics, and wildlife photography. The sanctuary’s scenic trails are ideal for trekking and exploring the diverse landscape. For nature enthusiasts, this is an excellent opportunity to understand the intricate relationships between plants, animals, and local communities.
Tourists are encouraged to follow sustainable travel practices — such as avoiding littering, maintaining silence inside forest zones, and respecting wildlife habitats. Entry fees are modest and help fund conservation projects and community development programs.
Since it remains relatively less commercialized, the Jiri Makru Wildlife Sanctuary is perfect for travelers looking for solitude and authentic natural experiences.
Nearby Attractions
The Jiri Makru Wildlife Sanctuary is surrounded by several other attractions that make it an even more worthwhile destination.
One of the nearby highlights is the Jiribam town, known for its scenic beauty and cultural diversity. The Barak River, which flows near the region, offers picturesque views and is perfect for boating or riverside relaxation.
Visitors can also explore the Tamenglong district, which is famous for its breathtaking waterfalls such as Barak Waterfall and Khoupum Waterfall. The Zeilad Lake in the same region is another must-visit spot, known for its migratory birds and legends associated with the local folklore.
These nearby attractions make it possible for travelers to plan a complete nature and cultural tour around the Jiri Makru Wildlife Sanctuary.
Best Time to Visit Jiri Makru Wildlife Sanctuary
The best time to visit the Jiri Makru Wildlife Sanctuary is between October and April. During these months, the weather remains pleasant and the forests are lush and green after the monsoon rains. Wildlife sightings are also more frequent during this period, as animals come out to bask in the sunlight.
The monsoon season, from June to September, brings heavy rainfall, which can make travel difficult due to slippery trails and river overflows. However, for those who enjoy the sight of rain-washed forests and vibrant greenery, the sanctuary presents a unique charm even during the rainy season.
Winter months (November to February) are ideal for bird watchers, as many migratory species visit the region during this time.
How to Reach
The Jiri Makru Wildlife Sanctuary is located near Jiribam in Manipur, which serves as the main gateway for travelers.
By Air: The nearest airport is in Silchar, Assam, located about 55 kilometers from Jiribam. Regular flights connect Silchar to major cities like Guwahati, Kolkata, and Imphal. From the airport, taxis and local buses are available to reach the sanctuary.
By Train: Jiribam has a small railway station connected to major towns in Assam and Manipur. Trains from Guwahati, Silchar, and Imphal make travel convenient for visitors.
By Road: The sanctuary is well-connected by road to Imphal (around 225 km) and Silchar (around 55 km). Visitors can hire private vehicles or use state transport buses to reach Jiribam and then continue to the sanctuary entrance.
Accommodation Options
Accommodation near the Jiri Makru Wildlife Sanctuary ranges from basic forest rest houses to modest hotels and guesthouses in Jiribam town.
For those looking for a closer experience with nature, government-run forest lodges and eco-camps offer a peaceful stay amidst the forest surroundings. Visitors can also find homestays run by local families, which provide a glimpse into the traditional Manipuri lifestyle and cuisine.
It is advisable to book accommodations in advance, especially during the peak tourist season from October to February. Staying near the sanctuary not only allows easy access but also gives travelers a chance to experience early morning bird calls and misty forest trails.
Also Read: Top 7 Wildlife Sanctuary in Uttarakhand You Must Visit
Local Cuisine
A visit to the Jiri Makru Wildlife Sanctuary is incomplete without tasting the delicious local cuisine of Manipur. The food here reflects the state’s rich cultural heritage, blending traditional flavors with natural ingredients.
Popular dishes include Eromba (a mashed mix of vegetables and fish), Chamthong (a hearty vegetable stew), and Singju (a traditional salad). Rice and fish form the staple diet, often accompanied by local herbs and fermented condiments that give Manipuri cuisine its distinctive taste.
Visitors can also try regional snacks and locally brewed beverages available in nearby villages. The hospitality of the locals ensures every meal becomes a memorable part of the travel experience.
Safety and Travel Tips
Before planning a trip to Jiri Makru Wildlife Sanctuary, travelers should keep a few safety and practical tips in mind.
- Always carry valid identification and necessary travel permits if required.
- Wear comfortable clothing suitable for trekking and jungle walks.
- Avoid loud noises and feeding wild animals.
- Carry insect repellents, water, and light snacks during forest visits.
- Hire certified guides for wildlife excursions to ensure safety and proper navigation.
- Respect local customs and traditions when visiting nearby villages.
- Refrain from littering and maintain the natural cleanliness of the sanctuary.
By following these simple guidelines, visitors can ensure a safe and responsible travel experience while contributing to the protection of the sanctuary.
Conclusion
The Jiri Makru Wildlife Sanctuary is more than just a protected area — it is a living ecosystem that nurtures life in its purest form. From its dense forests and flowing rivers to its rare wildlife and rich cultural heritage, the sanctuary captures the true essence of Northeast India’s natural beauty.
For nature lovers, conservationists, and explorers, the Jiri Makru Wildlife Sanctuary offers a rare opportunity to witness biodiversity at its best. It stands as a reminder of the importance of preserving our natural world and the harmony that exists between humans and nature.
Visiting the Jiri Makru Wildlife Sanctuary is not only a journey into the wild but also a lesson in coexistence, sustainability, and respect for the environment — values that are becoming increasingly vital in today’s world.
Frequently Asked Questions about Jiri Makru Wildlife Sanctuary
1. Where is Jiri Makru Wildlife Sanctuary located?
Jiri Makru Wildlife Sanctuary is located in the southwestern part of Manipur, near the border of Assam, in the Jiribam district. It lies along the Jiri and Makru rivers, surrounded by lush forests and rolling hills that form part of the Indo-Burma biodiversity region.
2. What is Jiri Makru Wildlife Sanctuary famous for?
The sanctuary is famous for its rich biodiversity, dense tropical forests, and rare species of animals and birds. It is also known for its scenic beauty, eco-tourism potential, and as an important ecological corridor between Manipur and Assam.
3. Which animals can be found in Jiri Makru Wildlife Sanctuary?
Visitors can spot species like hoolock gibbons, barking deer, slow lorises, wild boars, leopards, and several kinds of birds including hornbills and drongos. The sanctuary is also home to reptiles like king cobras and monitor lizards.
4. What type of vegetation is found in Jiri Makru Wildlife Sanctuary?
The sanctuary features tropical evergreen and semi-evergreen forests, with trees like teak, sal, and hollong. It also has bamboo groves, orchids, and many medicinal plants that contribute to its ecological diversity.
5. When is the best time to visit Jiri Makru Wildlife Sanctuary?
The best time to visit is between October and April when the weather is pleasant and wildlife is more active. The monsoon season (June–September) brings heavy rains that make the forest lush but less accessible.
6. How can tourists reach Jiri Makru Wildlife Sanctuary?
Tourists can reach the sanctuary via Jiribam town. The nearest airport is in Silchar (Assam), around 55 km away. Jiribam also has a railway station, and the area is connected by road from Imphal and Silchar.
7. Are there accommodation options near Jiri Makru Wildlife Sanctuary?
Yes, visitors can stay in forest rest houses, eco-camps, and guesthouses in Jiribam. Homestays run by local families are also available, offering a close experience with the region’s nature and culture.
8. Is Jiri Makru Wildlife Sanctuary open throughout the year?
Yes, the sanctuary remains open all year, but accessibility can be challenging during the monsoon due to heavy rainfall. The dry and winter months (October–April) are the most suitable for travel.
9. What are some nearby attractions to Jiri Makru Wildlife Sanctuary?
Nearby attractions include the Barak River, Jiribam town, Zeilad Lake, Tamenglong district, and the Barak Waterfall. These locations add cultural and natural charm to a wildlife tour in the region.
10. Why is Jiri Makru Wildlife Sanctuary important for conservation?
It serves as a critical habitat for endangered species and helps maintain ecological balance in Manipur. The sanctuary also protects forest resources, supports local livelihoods, and acts as a biodiversity corridor between neighboring ecosystems.